Raporo Ngarukamwaka ya Ministeri y’ubuzima kuri gahunda zo kurwanya no guhangana n’ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida, Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina na virus ya epatite (ukwezi kwa karindwi 2022- ukwa karindwi 2023) ivuga ko 7.7 % byabakanduye badafata Imiti nkuko bikwiye, ibintu Bamwe mu Banyarwanda bavuga ko bishobora kuba intandaro y’ubwiyongere w’ubwandu bushya. Ministeri y’ubuzima, ibigo biyishamikiyeho n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bavuga ko hari ingamba zo gukuraho imbogamizi zose zatuma ubwandu bushya bwiyongera .
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2007 mu Rwanda hagiye hagaragara umubare wa 3% w’abanduye agakoko gatera Sida bafite imyaka 15 kuzamura, ariko nanone hagiye hagaragazwa umubare wa 2% by’abana bavukana ubu bwandu, nubwo guverinoma y’u Rwanda yagiye ikora ibikorwa bigamije kurandura burundu ubwandu bushya birimo gusiramura abagabo, gupima bihoraho ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida , gutanga ibikoresho bifasha kwirinda n’ubundi buryo bwayifasha kugera ku ntego yayo yo 2030 aho Abanyarwanda 95% bazaba baripimishije Virus itera Sida, mu gihe 95% by’abafata imiti bakaba bayifa neza, hari abavuga ko ubwandu bushya buterwa nadakeneye gufata imiti kandi bagakomeza gukora imibinano mpuzabitsina idakingiye, bakongera ho ko hari n’abanduye agakoko gatera Sida batabizi bakaba bakomeza kuyikwirakwiza , Mukazitoni Théopiste akora uburaya (kwicuruza) mu karere ka Ngoma yemeza ko hari abo bahuje umwuga batazi uko bahagaze kandi badafata imiti yagize ati “ hari abo dukorana uburaya batazi uko bahagaze bishoboka ko banduye ariko bakomeza gukora imibonano idakingiye hari n’ababimenye bakaba badafata imiti nkuko bikwiye abo rero bakomeza gukwirakwiza ubwandu kandi bidakwiye,……………., baba babisuzuguye ariko abayobozi bazajya babigisha”
Nubwo abakora uburaya bari mu batitabira gahunda yo gufata Imiti no kwipimisha agakoko gatera Sida bari mu bafite ubwandu buri hejuru kuko abagera kuri 36% byabo baba baranduye, biyongera kuri bagenzi babo baryamana bahuje ibitsina barengaho gato 35 % aba bose bavugako imfunwe ry’imibereho yabo rituma izi gahunda zo kwipimisha no gufata Imiti batazitabira, Uwineza Florence (Fofo) akorera mu karere ka Kayonza avuga ko amaze igihe kinini mu mwuga wo kwicuruza ariko ngo uretse ubukangurambaga bushobora kubasanga aho bakorera ntabwo bakunda kwipimisha “ Ntabwo indaya dukunda kujya kwa muganga kwipimisha cyangwa gufata Imiti kereka nkubu mwaje mukadupima ariko biba bigoranye kandi sinjye gusa ntibakubeshye ,……………, ubuzima bwaranze kubibonera umwanya biragoranye”
Ubwandu buri hejuru bugaragara no mu bagabo baryamana bahuje igitsina bikanavugwa ko nabo badakunda kwitabira gahunda zo kwipimisha no gufata imiti , umusore witwa Huge (ige) avuga ko afite igitsinagabo kandi yiyumvamo kuba umukobwa, yemera ko bikigoranye kubona uryamana na mugenzi we bahuje igitsina ujya gufata imiti igabanya ubukana cyangwa kwipimisha kuko na serivisi zindi zibahabwa batazitabira yagize ati “ reka twe ntidukunda kwipimisha kandi utazi uko uhagaze ntiwafata Imiti, maze hari n’amavuta baduha ngo bigende neza kuko yoroshya ahakorerwa imibonano ariko ntitujya kuyafata , njye kuko namaze kwisobanukirwa njyayo ubu nzi n’uburyo mpagaze”
Ubwandu bushya mu bakobwa bari hagati y’imyaka 15-24 warazamutse
Ubwo hakorwaga raporo ku bwandu mu mwaka wa 2022-2023 byagaragaye ko 8% by’abangavu bari hagati 15-19 na 7,8% by’abari hagati ya 20-24 bapimwe bari baranduye , ni imibare ihangayikishije rumwe mu rubyiruko kuko ngo abenshi ntibitabira gahunda zo kwipimisha ngo bamenye uko bahagaze ndetse byabafasha no gufata imiti igabanya ubukana mu gihe baba baranduye , Kwizera Juvenalis afite imyaka 28 yagize ati “Ntabwo urubyiruko dukunda kwipimisha kandi turakomeza gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina tutikingiye kandi kumenya uko duhagaze bidufasha kwirinda no kurinda n’abandi “
Mu gihe urubyiruko ruvugwaho kutipimasha ngo rumenye uko ruhagaze ngo n’urwamenye ko rwanduye ruterwa ipfunwe n’isoni byo kugana amashyirahamwe y’abanduye ndetse no gufata Imiti, Ahishakiye Josephine avuga ko kwisangana ubwandu uri urubyiruko bica intege ndetse bigatera ipfunwe ati “ibaze kuba utaravukanye ubwandu ku myaka yawe 19 ugasanga urabufite, bihita biguca intege ndetse kwakira kujya mu mashyirahamwe yabanduye bakubyaye bajya kungana n’ababyeyi bawe ntibisa neza abenshi rero bahitamo kubireka binatuma atabona amakuru yaho n’uburyo yafata imiti igabanya ubwandu”
Bashingiye ku mibare y’ubwandu bushya ikomeje kwiyongera, Ubuyobozi bw’ikigo human resources for health buvuga ko ubukangurambaga bwo kwirinda bwagiye bukorwa kenshi ariko bikaba bikenewe ko bwongerwamo imbaraga, Dr Patrick Ndimubanzi ni umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’iki kigo yagize ati “ Tugomba kwegera urubyiruko turukangurira kumenya uko ruhagaze , tubibutsa ko amavuriro yo Mu Rwanda yose atanga imiti igabanya ubukana, tunabagaragarize ko ufashe Imiti neza atanduza “
Ababyeyi batwite barenga 5000 basanzwe baranduye
Muri gahunda ya Reta yo gupima ababyeyi batwite hagamijwe kugabanya umubare w’abana bavukana ubwandu, mu mwaka wa 2022-2023 hapimwe ababyeyi 389,531 gusa 5,558 basanze baranduye ibintu bikomeje gutera inkeke kuko 99% byabasanzwe baranduye aribo bafata imiti ituma batanduza abo batwite, umuyobozi w’ibitaro bya Gisenyi CSP Dr TUGANEYEZU Oreste yemeza ko kubona umwana wavukanye ubwandu uyu munsi biba byaragizwemo uruhare n’umubyeyi we gusa ntibikwiye ati “ Nibyo koko haracyagaragara ababyeyi basanganwa ubwandu kandi batwite, ariko kubona umwana uvukana ubwandu biba ari uburangare bw’umubyeyi kuko basabwa buri munsi kwipimisaha no kumenya uko bahagaze igihe batwise bityo usanzwe yaranduye agafashwa kubyara umwana udafite ubwandu”
Nubwo hari ababyeyi bipimisha bagamije kumenya uko bahagaze, imibare yabipimisha muri Rusange iragabanuka kuko ugendeye kubari bitabiriye gupimwa Sida mu mwaka wa 2021-2022 wagabanutseho abarenga ibihumbi Magana abiri ugereranije n’uwa 2022-2023 bivugwa ko hatagize igikorwa iri gabanuka ryabipimisha ryazongera umubare w’ababana n’ubwandu batazi uko bahagaze byazongera ikwirakwiza ry’ubwandu kuko bazaba badafata imiti igabanya ubukana.
Harakorwa iki mu guhangana n’ibyongera ubwandu bushya
Ubwo hizihizwaga umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya Sida wabereye mu karere ka Rubavu, Minisiteri y’ubuzima ibigo biyishamakiyeho n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bibukije ko Sida ikiriho ntaho yagiye bityo ko idakwiriye gukerenswa nkaho ari indwara itakigira icyo itwara uwayirwaye , mu butumwa Dr Rangira Lambert uyobora umuryango Umuryango AIDS Healthcare Forum/AHF yatanze yibukije ko Sida ikiriho , yagize ati “ Icyo mwavana hano nuko Sida ikiriho nubwo habayeho kudohoka , tugiye gufatanya na RBC twongere ubukangurambaga kuko biragaragara ko imibare yabakomeje kwandura ari urubyiruko kandi arirwo mbaraga zigihugu “
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuzima (RBC) cyemeza ko imibare y’ubwandu bushya igaragara ihangayikishije igihugu gusa bikarushaho kuba bibi kuko bugaragara mu bangavu bari hagati y’imyaka 15-19 , gusa ngo hari ingamba bafashe , Dr Ikuzo Bazil ushinzwe ishami rishinwe kwirinda Sida muri RBC yagize ati “ Duhangayikishijwe n’ubwandu bushya bukomeje kugaragara mu gihugu , ikibabaje buri kwiyongera mu bakiri bato , ibi biraduha umukoro wo kongera imbaraga mu bukangurambaga n’izindi ngamba zadufasha kurandura burundu ubwandu ,…………, buri wese agomba kwipimisha ngo amenye uko ahagaze uwanduye bimufashe gufata imiti”
Kimwe mu biri gukorwa na Reta y’u Rwanda mu kurandura agakoko gatera Sida harimo gusiramura abagabo , aho mu mwaka wa 2022-2023 Minisiteri y’ubuzima yavuzeko yasiramuye 309,2822 gusa uyu mubare uracyari muto ugerereanije n’abanyarwanda badasiramuye , ibi biza byiyongera ku bukangurambaga bukorwa bwo kwipimisha no gufata imiti kubayanduye. haramutse hongerewe uburyo bwo kwigisha ibijyanye na Sida no kuyirinda mu nzego zose z’igihugu byagabanya umubare w’abandura SIDA mu gihugu.
Eric Twahirwa
