Imibare itangwa n’ibyavuye mu ibarura rusange rya Gatanu muri 2022 ivugako mu Rwanda habarurwa 391,775 by’abafite ubumuga, gusa ngo 1,4 % cyabo nibo bagira amahirwe yo kugera muri kaminuza ibintu abafite ubumuga bavuga ko bidindiza iterambere ryabo. Minisiteri y’uburezi ivuga ko hari ibiri gukorwa birimo guhugura abarimu imyigishirize n’imyigire y’abafite ubumuga kugira ngo nabo bazafashe abanyeshuli babo.
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare(NISR) kivuga ko Nyuma y’ibarura rusange rya 5 byagaragaye ko 3,3% by’abanyarwanda bafite ubumuga butandukanye, ryongeraho ko 98,6% byabafite ubumuga batageze muri Kaminuza, hari abavuga ko ibi biterwa nuko abenshi mu abarimu bigisha mu mashuri y’incuke, abanza n’ayisumbuye badafite ubushobozi bwo kwigisha abafite ubumuga kuko batazi neza uburyo bwo kubafasha, babishingira ku kuba 158712 bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona naho 122999 bafite ubumuga butabemerera kugenda bituma batajya ku ishuli cyangwa bagatangira ishuli bakererewe. Mutuyeyezu Jean Luc yigishije mu mashuli abanza imyaka 22 avuga ko adasobanukiwe neza uburyo yafasha abatabona cyangwa abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe kuko atarabihugurirwa yagize ati “Nigishije imyaka 22 ariko kuvuga ko nafasha abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe biragoranye bisaba kuba uzi inyandiko bandikamo ukabaha igihe bitandukanye n’abasanzwe, nukuri bisaba izindi mbaraga n’ubundi bumenyi budafitwe n’abarezi benshi mu gihugu”
Nubwo 52 % by’abafite ubumuga batangira amashuli abanza usanga umusaruro wabo ari muke kuko 0,6 % byabo aribo baba barize amashuli y’incuke, bibagiraho ingaruka mu bizamini bya Reta by’amashuli abanza kuko abagira inota fatizo ribajyana mu kiciro cya mbere cy’amashuli yisumbuye ari 5,5% , uyu mubare uragabanuka cyane kuko abagera mu kiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuli yisumbuye ari 3,7% , HAKIZIMANA Nicodeme afite ubumuga bw’uruhu, uretse kuba afite impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga (PHD) yigishije mu makaminuza atandukanye mu Gihugu avuga ko kutagira inota fatizo ku bafite ubumuga bituma batagera muri kaminuza, yagize ati “abafite ubumuga biga bibagoye ntihagire igikorwa kidasanzwe ngo bagire inota fatizo riba rikenewe ngo bajye mu cyiciro gikurikiyeho, , tekereza ko Reta ivuga uburezi budaheza igategura ibitabo ku banyeshuli basanzwe ikibagirwa gutegura ibyorohereza abatabona cyangwa ababona gake gusoma ibyo bitabo, umenyeko kwigisha umwana ufite ubumuga bisaba umwihariko ndetse no gushora amafaranga menshi”
Uburezi bw’abafite ubumuga burahenze.
Kimwe mu byishimirwa nuko ubu 62 % byabafite ubumuga bagejeje ku myaka yo kwiga bari mu ishuri ariko kandi bagenzi babo barangije amashuli y’isumbuye naza kaminuza bavuga ko icyizere cy’umwana ufite ubumuga ku kurangiza amashuli kiba kiri hasi kuko ahenze , MUNYENGABE Emmanuel ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona yarangije kaminuza muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda avuga ko uburezi bwabo buhenze yagize ati “ uburezi bw’abafite ubumuga burahenze bisaba kuba waravukiye mu muryango wifite kandi uguha agaciro kugira ngo urangize amasomo , ndavuga ibi kuko iyo ufite ubumuga ukenera ubushobozi bw’amafaranga n’ubundi bufasha nakwita ko bufitwe n’abanyarwanda bake kandi buruta kure ubwabatabufite,………. Ufite ubushobozi ntiwabura ukwitaho ariko akenshi ababyeyi barananirwa ukava mu ishuli utarirangaije”
Ubushobozi buke bwo kwiga mu bana bafite ubumuga bukunze kugaragara ku mfubyi zavukanye ubumuga , nkuko ibarura rusange ryabitangaje hari 10,388 by’abana bafite ubumuga bari munsi y’imyaka 17 b’imfubyi, akenshi biragorana kumvisha urera ufite ubumuga ataramubyaye kumurihira amashuli , aba bana babarurirwa mu bana 29000 bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona, 16,628 bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe na 14,589 bafite ubumuga bwo kumva, uretse kuba bakenera byinshi ku mashuli bigaho ngo ababarera baba babatakajeho amafaranga menshi , Patrick Nkusi atoza umukino wa boccia ukinwa n’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe yagize ati “ nkunda guhura n’abana benshi bafite ubumuga , iyo ari ’imfubyi afite ubumuga aragora cyane kuko gutuma umurera ngo amuzane ku kibuga kabiri cyangwa gatatu ataramubyaye bisaba izindi mbaraga , kumubwira ko yakwigora amutegera anamwitaho ku ishuli no mu rugo nabyo ubona bigoranye ubwo rero kuva mu ishuli biba bifite amahirwe menshi”
Chart:Twahirwa, inkomoko:Nisr
Iteka rya Ministiri No 03/19 ryo kuwa 27/7/2009 rigena uburyo bwo korohereza abafite ubumuga kubona akazi, ariko Hari abashyira mu majwi abatanga akazi mu nzego za Reta nizabikorera, babashinja kudaha akazi n’agaciro abafite ubumuga ngo kuko mu mitangire y’akazi batita ku bumuga bwabo, ibi bigira ingaruka mu ifata ry’ibyemezo bibafitiye akamaro rimwe na rimwe hagafatwa ibitajyanye n’ibibazo byabo, umuyobozi wa gahunda yo guhanga Imirimo muri Minisiteri y’urubyiruko ,Habimana Jean Pierre avuga imitangire y’akazi idaheza uwariwe wese wujuje ibisabwa yagize ati “ Imitangire y’akazi muri iki gihugu cyacu iha amahirwe uwariwe wese ,abafite ubumuga nabo barahamagarirwa kuza gupiganwa ntibitinye, iyo babonye akazi ninaho bavana ubushobozi bwo kwifasha no gufasha bagenzi babo”
Yongera ho ko hari gahunda nyinshi ziteza imbere abanyarwanda zibubakira ubushobozi bityo ngo nabo bazigana kuko bizabafasha kwihangira imirimo.
Minisiteri y’uburezi ivuga ko iri gukora ibishoboka byose ngo ihugure abigisha mu byiciro byose by’amashuli mu Rwanda ku bijyanye no kwigisha abafite ubumuga butandukanye ibi ngo babitangiriye mu mashuli nderabarezi , ibi ngo bizajyana no kongera ibikoresho byorohereza abafite ubumuga kwiga yagize ati “ Turi gushyira Imbaraga mu burezi bw’abafite ubumuga duhugura abarezi kuri ubwo , twahereye mu mashuli nderabarezi, twanatangiye gushyira ibikoresho muri amwe mu mashuli mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uburezi budaheza , turizera ko bizafasha mu kongera umubare w’abafite ubumuga barangiza ibyiciro byose by’amashuli”
Abagore bafite ubumuga baracyari ku rugero ruri hejuru / chart :Twahirwa , inkomoko: NISR
Mu Rwanda harabarirwa abagabo 174,949 n’abagore 216,826 bafite ubumuga, Intara y’iburengerazuba niyo ifite abafite ubumuga benshi basaga ibihumbi 109 ni mu Gihe umujyi wa Kigali ariwo ufite bake basaga ibihumbi 34. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku buzima (WHO) uvugako miliyari 1.2 ku isi bafite ubumuga, bivuga ko umuntu 1 muri 6 baba babufite , uyu muryango uvuga ko abenshi mu bafite ubumuga bapfa bari munsi y’imyaka 20 biterwa nuko bari bafite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura diabete asima, sitroke na obesite , baramutse bafashijwe bateza imbere imiryango yabo n’igihugu ndetse n’isi muri rusange.
Eric TWAHIRWA
